Greek · ελληνικό αλφάβητο

24 letters, and you half-know them already from maths and physics — the trap is that MODERN Greek reads differently from the classroom values: β is v (not b), η υ ι all say /i/, δ is th-in-this, γ is a soft gargle. Five ways to write /i/ (ι η υ ει οι) is the spelling headache. What English does with letter combinations, Greek does too: b d g sounds exist but are WRITTEN μπ ντ γκ. Sigma has a special final form: σ everywhere, ς at the end of a word.

Greek (parent of Latin and Cyrillic) · written left to right

24 signs

Groups: Read it and you're right (the shape suggests the sound, and the sound is the sound) · What maths taught you (β γ δ η υ ω — you met these in equations, and the value you learned is 2,400 years out of date) · A Latin letter's face (ν ρ χ look like v, p and x. None of them is) · One sign, two sounds (ξ and ψ are consonant clusters wearing a single letter)