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Adjectives
Two kinds: the ones that change, and the ones that never do.
Changing adjectives — those ending in -ा
| masculine | feminine | |
|---|---|---|
| singular | अच्छा लड़का | अच्छी लड़की |
| plural | अच्छे लड़के | अच्छी लड़कियाँ |
| oblique | अच्छे लड़के को | अच्छी लड़की को |
Feminine has one form for everything. Masculine has three.
Invariable adjectives — everything else
सुंदर beautiful, ख़ुश happy, लाल red, मुश्किल difficult. They never change, whatever the noun.
Some that end in -ा are invariable anyway, and simply have to be learnt: ज़िंदा alive, बढ़िया excellent, दुखिया wretched.
They go before the noun
अच्छी किताब, never ✗ किताब अच्छी — unless the adjective is the whole predicate: किताब अच्छी है, "the book is good".
Comparison
There is no -er ending. Use से "than":
- यह उससे अच्छा है — this is better than that. Literally "this from-that good is".
- सबसे अच्छा — "good than all" — the best.
ज़्यादा zyaadaa "more" can be added for clarity but is usually unnecessary.
Adverbs
Hindi makes them from nouns with से: तेज़ी से quickly, ध्यान से carefully, आसानी से easily. There is no -ly suffix.
Doubling also builds them: धीरे-धीरे slowly, कभी-कभी sometimes. The repetition is the meaning.
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